English version edited by Giulia Azzini, Rn, Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine (DAEICM), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland.

In order to understand this asynchrony, it is important to know the meaning of ” Entraiment”. In physics, this term defines the phase and the timeline of a periodic external output. In a neuroscientific field, “entrainment” is when the cerebral waves show a superimposable oscillation on a periodic external stimulus. For example, exposure to music can cause a “respiratory entrainment” in the respiratory area of expertise attributed to a permanent and repetitive reaction between neural respiratory cycles distributed by the ventilator.